Class 11 Economics

Secondary Education Curriculum
2076
Economics

Working hrs: 160

Introduction

Economics studies the use of available resources to meet needs. its Through study, students identify and use the necessary resources to meet their daily needs
Developments related to the production, distribution and consumption of resources and services around and in the wider society Support in developing skills such as recognizing and analyzing behavior and making decisions appropriate to the situation reaches Class 11 and 12 of the secondary level of school education as the subjects are related to daily practical life The subject of economics is included. Basic concepts and tools of economics in this course In addition to distributional economics, macroeconomics, development economics, economy of Nepal and quantitative economics Topics like methodology are included. The effect of the economy on the prosperity of individuals, societies and nations and practical This course is designed to empower students in its role and application in problem solving is In addition, this course will also prepare the basis of higher education in related subjects.

According to the guidelines of the National Curriculum Framework, 2076, connecting economics with daily life, in economics of Nepal Emphasizing the knowledge and application of macroeconomics and macroeconomics by awakening the interest of students and the high level of this subject The course focuses on preparing the basis for the development of manpower. to economics in the present context To achieve the national objective of education and its relevance by fulfilling the needs and desires of the students by making it practical To increase the opinion of subject experts, curriculum experts, subject teachers, students and stakeholders This curriculum has been developed based on the suggestions.

Introduction, graded competence, classroom learning achievement, content area and sequence, learning facilitation process and student This course has been developed including evaluation. In this course, the subject of curriculum writing and development Introduction, covering the main features of the curriculum and the format of the curriculum, expected thematically Knowledge, skills, attitudes, values and work readiness in its functional form, ability, level of learning and
Competence specific elaboration of learning achievement, competence, learning achievement and parallel with previous grade Facilitating learning by including subject area and sequence, subject specificity and originality based on balance Students mentioning methods and procedures and methods and procedures of formative and judgmental evaluation The assessment is managed.

Level of Competency

By the end of classes 11 and 12, students will have acquired the following competencies:

1. Basic concept of economics and understanding of distribution of resources and economic system and presentation
2. Development of demand, supply and maintenance of market balance and pricing in the market Presentation of the process
3. Information and use of cost and income preparation and use and consumer behavior Understanding, research and practical application of the theory of production
4. Understanding and Application of Macroeconomic Variables
5. Introduction to the Concept of National Income Calculation
6. Understanding inflation and deflation and its impact
7. Banking system and monetary policy, government finance information, relations and accounting
8. The relationship between international trade and Nepal’s foreign employment, analysis and problems Solution
9. Relationship and practical application of the concepts of economic development and growth
10. Comprehension, presentation and accounting of the current state of Nepal’s economy
11. Identification and review of the current status and potential of Nepal’s natural resources Identification and analysis of the needs of agriculture, tourism, transport and communication Understanding and presenting the situation of poverty, inequality and unemployment, human resource development
12. Understanding and problems of basic mathematical and statistical concepts in economics Use in solution

Scope and Sequence of Contents

1. Basic concept of economics and allocation of resources (8 hours)

1.1 Definition of economics: Adam Smith, Alfred Marshall, Robbins

1.2 Concepts of positive and normative economics

1.3 Concepts and differences of micro and macro economics

1.4 Types of goods and services: Normal, Giffen, Inferior, Substitutes, Complement, Private , Public, economic and free

1.5 Introduction and characteristics of factors of production: Land, Labour, Capital and Organization

2. Microeconomics (38 hours)

2.1 Demand, Supply and Market equilibrium

2.1.1 Demand: Meaning of demand, demand function, law of demand, determinants of demand, movement along and shift in demand curves factors causing shifts of demand curves.

2.1.2 Supply: Meaning of supply, supply function, law of demand, determinants of demand, movement along and shift in demand curves, factors causing shifts of demand curves.

2.1.3 Interaction between demand and supply/equilibrium situation

2.2 Elasticity of demand and supply

2.2.1 Concept of elasticity of demand and its types: Price, Income and Cross elasticity of demand

2.2.2 Types of price, income, cross elasticity of demand

2.2.3 Determining factors of price plasticity of demand

2.2.4 Concept and types of elasticity of supply

2.3 Consumer’s Behavior

2.3.1 Concept of cardinal utility: Total and Marginal Utility

2.3.2 Law of diminishing marginal utility

2.3.3 Law of substitution

2.3.3 Concept consumers surplus and producer’s surplus

2.4 Theory of production

2.4.1 Concept of production and production function (Short and Long run)

2.4.2 Total average and marginal products and their derivation

2.4.3 Law of variable proportions

2.4.4 Laws of returns to scale

3. Macroeconomics (25 hours)

3.1 Introduction to macroeconomics

3.1.1 Macroeconomic variables

3.1.2 Concept of closed and open economy

3.2 National income accounting

3.2.1 Various concepts of National income: Gross Domestic product (GDP),Gross National Product (GNP), Net National Product (NNP), National Income (NI), Personal Income (PI), Disposable Income (DI) and Per Capita Income (PCI)

3.2.2 Nominal and real GDP, difference and calculations: GDP deflator.

3.2.3 Measurement of national income: Product, Income and Expenditure methods.

3.2.4 Difficulties in measuring national income in reference to Nepal

3.3 Money and inflation

3.3.1 Meaning, importance, functions and forms of money

3.3.2 Concept of money supply: narrow and broad money

3.3.3 Quantity theory of money (Fisher’s equation)

3.3.4 Meaning, cause and consequences of inflation and deflation

4. Development economics – (8 hour)

4.1 Economic development, growth and capital formation

4.1.1 Indicators of economic development, growth

4.1.2 Indicators of economic development

4.1.3 Characteristics of developing countries

4.1.4 Capital formation process

5. Economy of Nepal ( 28 hour)

5.1 Review of economy of Nepal

5.1.1 Contemporary features of Nepalese economy

5.1.2 Macroeconomic indicators of central government and seven state

5.2 Natural resources of Nepal

5.2.1 Water resources: importance, potentialities and current situation and problems

5.2.2 Forest resources: current situation, causes and consequences of deforestation

5.2.3 Mineral resources: importance and problems

5.2.4 Management of natural resources, climate change and its effect on economy

5.3 Agriculture

5.3.1 Characteristics of agriculture of Nepal

5.3.2 Remedies of modernization and commercialization of agriculture in Nepal.

5.3.3 Sources of agriculture finance in Nepal

5.3.4 Nature, problems and remedial measures of agricultural marking

5.4 Manufacturing and tourism industry in Nepal

5.4.1 Concept and types of industry

5.4.2 Brief history of industrial development of Nepal

5.4.3 Importance and problems of industrial sector of Nepal

5.4.4 Tourism industry: importance, current situation, prospect, problem and remedial measure

5.5 Transportation and communication

5.5.1 Role of transportation and communication and current status

5.5.2 Means of transportation and communication and current status

6. Quantitative analysis for economics (13 hour)

6.1 Basic mathematics

6.1.1 Importance and use of mathematics in economics

6.1.2 Equation of straight line

6.1.3 Differential calculus: Simple and partial derivatives